Spinal Cord Bulging

What is it?

Spinal cord bulging is a condition in which the tissues of the spinal cord protrude through various openings or abnormalities in the spinal canal. This can result from injuries, diseases, or disorders in the structure of the spine.

Causes

• Spinal injuries. Fractures, dislocations, or damage to intervertebral discs can deform the spinal canal and lead to bulging of the spinal cord.
• Herniated disc. If a disc is damaged, its core may prolapse and compress the spinal cord, leading to bulging of the tissues.
• Infections. Certain infectious diseases, such as meningitis or abscesses, can damage the spinal cord’s meninges, causing bulging of the cord.
• Burns or tumors. Tumors or severe burns can disrupt the structure of the spinal cord and cause bulging.
• Genetic disorders. Some genetic conditions, such as spinal muscular atrophy, may weaken the structure of the spine and lead to deformities in the spinal canal.

Symptoms

• Back pain, especially in the area of the damaged spinal segment.
• Numbness or weakness in the limbs.
• Difficulty moving or paralysis in certain parts of the body.
• A feeling of heaviness in the back or spine area.
• Problems with coordination or balance.

Diagnosis

• Medical examination. A doctor will perform a physical exam and assess neurological deficits.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). This method helps detect abnormalities in the spinal cord tissues and spine.
• CT (Computed Tomography). Used to get detailed images of the spinal canal and identify damage to the spinal cord.
• Electromyography. This method helps identify nerve conduction abnormalities and assess the degree of spinal cord damage.

Treatment

• Conservative treatment. Includes painkillers, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy.
• Surgical intervention. Surgery may be required to restore the normal structure of the spine and relieve pressure on the spinal cord.
• Rehabilitation. Physical therapy, massage, and specific exercises help restore motor function and improve the patient’s quality of life.
• Treatment of underlying conditions. It is important to treat conditions that may lead to spinal cord bulging, such as infections or tumors.