Inflammation of the Nasal Mucosa

What is it?

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa is an inflammatory process occurring in the mucous membrane of the nasal passages. This condition can be caused by infections, allergic reactions, as well as external factors such as injuries or air pollution.

Possible Causes

• Viral infections. The most common cause of inflammation is infections caused by viruses, such as rhinoviruses.
• Bacterial infections. In some cases, inflammation can be caused by bacterial infections, such as sinusitis or rhinosinusitis.
• Allergy. Allergic reactions to pollen, dust, animal fur, or other allergens can lead to inflammation of the nasal mucosa.
• Exposure to irritants. Air pollution, chemicals, or sudden temperature changes can irritate the nasal mucosa, causing inflammation.
• Injuries. Nasal injuries, such as bruises or surgical interventions, can lead to inflammation of the mucous membrane.

Symptoms

• Blocked nose.
• Frequent nasal discharge (mucus, pus).
• Sneezing and itching in the nose.
• Pain or discomfort in the nose and sinuses.
• Decreased sense of smell.
• Fever (in case of infectious inflammation).

Diagnosis and Treatment

• Medical Consultation. A visit to an otolaryngologist is necessary for diagnosis, who will examine the nasal passages and may order additional tests such as nasal swabs, X-rays, or CT scans of the sinuses.
• Antibiotics or antiviral medications. Depending on the cause of the inflammation, antibiotics or antiviral drugs may be prescribed.
• Antihistamines. For allergic inflammation, antihistamines can be effective in reducing swelling and itching.
• Anti-inflammatory drugs. Corticosteroid nasal sprays or other anti-inflammatory drugs may be prescribed to reduce inflammation.
• Nasal irrigation. Using saline solutions to irrigate the nasal passages helps clear the nose and improve the condition of the mucosa.
• Humidity control. Using humidifiers helps restore the normal condition of the nasal mucosa.