«Allergic diseases»

Allergic Diseases

Allergic diseases encompass a group of conditions caused by the immune system's hypersensitivity to certain substances known as allergens. These conditions manifest in various forms and can affect almost every organ and system in the body.

Causes of Allergic Diseases

Key causes and contributing factors include:

• Genetic predisposition.A family history of allergies increases the risk.
• Allergen exposure.Pollen, dust, animal dander, foods, or medications.
• Immune system dysfunction.Overactive or misregulated immune responses.
• Environmental factors.Air pollution, household chemicals, and industrial pollutants.
• Psychological factors.Stress enhances susceptibility to allergens.

Major Types of Allergic Diseases

Allergies can manifest in various forms:

• Atopic dermatitis.Skin rashes with itching.
• Allergic rhinitis.Nasal congestion, sneezing, and itching.
• Bronchial asthma.Airway narrowing causing breathlessness and coughing.
• Urticaria.Red patches and hives on the skin.
• Anaphylaxis.A severe systemic reaction, potentially life-threatening.
• Food allergy.Intolerance to specific foods.

Symptoms

Symptoms vary widely based on the allergy type:

• Itching, skin redness.
• Nasal congestion and tearing.
• Shortness of breath, wheezing, or coughing.
• Swelling of tissues (e.g., lips, eyelids, throat).
• Nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea.

Treatment Options

Effective management requires a comprehensive approach:

1. Diagnosis.Allergen tests, skin prick tests, and blood analysis.
2. Antihistamines.Reduce allergy symptoms.
3. Anti-inflammatory therapy.Corticosteroids for severe cases.
4. Allergen elimination.Avoiding contact with allergens.
5. Immunotherapy.Gradual desensitization to allergens.
6. Symptomatic therapy.Use of sprays, creams, or inhalers.

Prevention Tips

To prevent allergic diseases:

• Perform regular wet cleaning at home.
• Use hypoallergenic hygiene products.
• Avoid stressful situations.
• Include immune-boosting foods in your diet.
• Manage chronic health conditions effectively.

Early consultation with a healthcare professional can prevent complications and improve quality of life.